GBR small class 丨 (2) History of GBR development and introduction of bone grafting materials

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History of GBR development

In the early 1980s, Sture Nyman and Thorkild Karring of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden first proposed the theory of guiding tissue regeneration (GTR).

Around 1991, Nyman and other scholars also applied the theory of GTR to bone enhancement, and proposed the guide bone regeneration technology (GBR).

In the late 1990s, Professor Niklaus P.Lang, Daniel Buser, Christoph H.F.Hammerle and other scholars, who worked at the University of Bern, Switzerland, conducted a lot of clinical research on GBR, which laid a solid foundation for the maturity and development of the technology.

Lang reported in 1997 that the bone defect in the skull of the rabbit skull successfully induced the generation of new bone.^{【1】【2】}

The role of bone grafting materials

Supporting: to support the biological barrier membrane, prevent the biofilm from collapse, and maintain a stable osteogenic space.

Stent: in the process of osteogenesis, as the adhesion of osteoblasts and osteogenic stent, conducive to the growth of new bone.

Basic requirements for bone grafting materials

Biocompatibility: Bone substitutes should avoid the risk of spreading disease or developing an immune response.

Reasonable porosity: Bone substitutes themselves should have reasonable porosity and connect with each other to guide the blood vessels in, and the ideal aperture is about 100-500μm.

Surface features: Surface features are critical for the initial fibrin adsorption, osteoblast and osteoclast attachment, and osteoid deposition, so the surface features of bone substitutes should be similar to those of human bone tissue.

Tissue integration: Through blood clots, bone substitutes should have the ability of rapid tissue integration between the particles and the base bone, the implant surface, and the barrier membrane to enhance mechanical stability.

Classification of bone grafting materials for GBR^【3】

Classification of biofilm materials

PS: The above text contents are all compiled from the Clinical Application Practice of GBR issued by Professor Zhou Yanmin of the Stomatological Hospital of Jilin University.

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Fig. 博瑞金® Oral Biological Graft

References:

[1]Schmid J ,  Wallkamm B ,  Hmmerle C , et al. The significance of angiogenesis in guided bone regeneration. A case report of a rabbit experiment.[J]. Clinical Oral Implants Research, 2010, 8(3):244-248.

[2]Dahlin C, Sennerby L, Lekholm U, Linde A, Nyman S. Generation of new bone around titanium implants using a membrane technique: an experimental study in rabbits. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1989 Spring;4(1):19-25.

[3] Dr. Simon Jensen. Osteology Meeting, Monaco, 2011